BOOK REVIEW: "DVORAK'S PROPHECY, AND THE VEXED FATE OF BLACK CLASSICAL MUSIC" BY JOSEPH HOROWITZ

 

You might be familiar with Dvorak's Symphony "From The New World" (9th). With luck, you might even be aware that Jeanette Thurber established a National Conservatory to encourage a uniquely American classical music, other than parroting the German style. She considered Czech Antonin Dvorak and Finn Jean Sibelius (composer of Finlandia, which is the music for the hymn "Be Still My Soul"), both cultural nationalists, and selected Dvorak. Besides his "From the New World Symphony," he's best known for His Slovenik Dances, capturing the Bohemian sound of his homeland.

The composer created "From the New World" while in America from 1892-95. The debate is if the 2nd movement Largo was an African American gospel song given a classical arrangement or if Dvorak actually composed which had lyrics set to it. The third movement also had American influence - in this case, native American influence. In New York City, they loved the symphony because of the African American and Native American influence, and in Boston, they hated it for the same reason.

The focus on this book, though, was not on Dvorak's stay here but on the composer's thoughts about the future of classical music in America: "I am now satisfied that the future music of this country must be founded upon what are called the negro melodies. This must be the real foundation of any serious and original school of composition to be develped in the United States....These beautiful and varied themes are the product of the soil. They are American."(p. 7).

Horowitz observes that "Dvorak's prophecy" did not come to pass, and the rest of the book deals with the issue. The classical community did not, for the most part, welcome the African American influence, and musically the African Americans focused more on popular music, including jazz. The author deals with several influences on the culture, such as Frederick Douglas, Mark Twain, and Gershwin.

I found the theme and direction of this book interesting. For those who have an interest in the evolution of music styles, I would highly recommend this book.